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| THE CULTURE OF BATAK TRIBE | Batak tribe of North Sumatra. Area of beginning is known every bit the residence of the Batak Karo Mainland High, Kangkat Hulu, Hulu Deli, Serdang Hulu, Simalungun, Toba, Mandailing in addition to Central Tapanuli. The expanse is traversed past times a serial of Bukit Barisan inwards the share of North Sumatra, in addition to at that topographic point is a large lake called Lake Toba the Batak people. Judging from the administrative area, they inhabit the several district or this constituent of North Sumatra. Karo Regency ie, Simalungun, Dairi, North Tapanuli, in addition to Asahan.

HISTORY

Batak kingdom was founded past times a King inwards the province Toba sila-silahi (Silalahi) lua 'Baligi (Luat Balige), Parsoluhan village, tribe Pohan. The manful soul monarch inwards query is named Raja Alang Pardoksi magic ability (Pardosi). Heyday Batak kingdom led past times a manful soul monarch named. Sultan Maharaja inwards 1054 Hijri Bongsu managed to prosper the province amongst its political policies. 

CULTURAL ELEMENTS

A. Language
In the life in addition to daily life, the Batak people work some accent, is: (1) Slang used past times Karo Karo, (2) Slang used past times Pakpak Pakpak, (3) Slang used past times Simalungun Simalungun; (4) Slang used past times people Toba Toba, Angkola in addition to Mandailing.

B. Knowledge
Batak people are every bit good familiar amongst the ancient organization of mutual assistance inwards farming. In the linguistic communication it is called Raron Karo activity, whereas inwards the Toba linguistic communication it is called Marsiurupan. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 grouping of neighbors or unopen relatives of people together to piece of work the Earth in addition to each fellow member inwards turn. Raron it is an establishment whose membership is voluntary in addition to the long standing understanding depends on the participants.

C. Technology
Batak club has come upward to know in addition to work uncomplicated equipment used to grow crops inwards their lives. Such every bit hoes, turn (plow inwards Karo), unmarried stick (crank inwards Karo), sickle (Sabi-Sabi) or ani-ani. Batak club every bit good accept the traditional weapons, piso surit (a type of dagger), piso elephant densely packed (a keris that long), hujur (a type of spear), podang (a type of long sword). Other technological elements yaitukain ulos which is woven cloth that has many functions inwards the life of traditional Batak.

D. Social Organizations
a. Marriage
In the tradition of Batak tribes 1 tin mail away exclusively wed amongst the Batak people of dissimilar clans, thus if 1 is married he should seek a mate from some other clan other than his clan. If the spousal human relationship is someone who is non from the Batak tribe, he has to live on adopted past times 1 of the Batak clan (different clans). The resultant was followed past times a procession of marriages performed inwards churches because the bulk of the population is Christian Batak. For spousal human relationship dowries in addition to sisters of the bride is already married.

b. Kinship
Kinship groups Batak tribes living inwards rural areas called Huta or Kuta nether the price of Karo. Usually 1 Huta inhabited past times the identify unit of measurement of a kin grouping marga.Ada every bit good called clans taneh namely the descendants of the founder of Kuta pariteral. Marga is saltation past times certainly symbols such every bit clan name. The piffling clan is patrilineal relatives who yet resides inwards 1 area. Conversely a large clan whose members alive scattered thus many sdah non know each other but they tin mail away recognize members past times refer of the clan that ever came behind her offset name, social stratification of the Batak people is based on iv principles: (a) tigkat differences inwards age, (b) differences inwards seat in addition to positions, (c) differences inwards the nature of authenticity in addition to (d) marital status.

E. Livelihood
In general, people hobo rice tillage inwards paddies in addition to fields. Obtained from the partitioning of Earth based clan. Each kelurga mandapat but the Earth is non allowed to sell it. In add-on to lands owned Earth every bit for individuals.

Farms is every bit good 1 of Batak tribe of livelihood amid other buffalo farms, cows, pigs, goats, chickens, in addition to ducks. Catching fish is done most of the population unopen to Lake Toba. Craft sector is every bit good growing. For event weaving, woven rattan, woods carving, temmbikar, at that topographic point kaitanya amongst tourism.

F. Religion
In the 19th century the organized faith of Islam into the expanse due south hobo penyebaranya covers. Christianity came inwards close the twelvemonth 1863 in addition to includes the hobo penyebaranya north. D emikian Although many rural communities hobo who was the master copy concept of organized faith pendduk mmpertahankan hobo. Batak people accept the invention that the universe in addition to its contents were created past times Debeta Na Mula So Balloons in addition to resides inwards the sky in addition to accept the names inwards accordance amongst the duties in addition to kedudukanya. At Debeta So Na Balloon: residing inwards the heavens in addition to is the almighty creator; Siloan Na Balom: located every bit ruler of the Earth of spirits. In conjunction amongst the spirits in addition to souls of the hobo know 3 concepts namely: Tondi: the soul or spirit; Sahala: the soul or spirit of one's ain strength; Begu: Tondinya dead. Batak people every bit good believe inwards the magic powers of amulets called Tongkal.

G. Art
Dance Dance ie Tor-tor (magical); Dance serampang twelve (nature of entertainment). Traditional Musical Instruments: Gong; Saga-saga. Results from the tribe of Batak weaving arts and crafts is ulos cloth. The cloth is ever displayed inwards the ceremony of marriage, establishing homes, funeral ceremony, transfer of the estate, welcomed the honored guests in addition to dancing ceremonies Tor-tor. Custom cloth inwards accordance amongst an inherited belief organization ancestors.

CULTURAL VALUES

1. Kinship
Batak club kinship values? embodied primarily inwards the implementation of custom Dalian Na Talu, where 1 must observe a mate exterior their group, people inwards 1 grouping are called Sabutuha (brothers), to the grouping that received the daughter to diperistri called Hula-hula. The grouping that gives a daughter called Boru.

2. Hagabeon
Significant cultural value long life expectancy, birth, bercucu a lot, in addition to that is fine.

3. Hamoraan
Batak tribe that honors the value lies inwards the residual of the spiritual aspects in addition to meterial.

4. Uhum in addition to ugari
Uhum value reflected on the seriousness of the Batak people inwards upholding jurist piece ugari seen inwards fidelity to a promise.

5. Aegis
Aegis of the community must live on given to the environment, the chore entailed past times the 3 elements inwards Dalihan Na Tolu.

6. Marsisarian
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 value agency mutual understanding, respect, in addition to assist each other.

ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

Development aspects of the Batak tribe of the entry of the schoolhouse organization in addition to the emergence of an chance to make social prestige. The occurrence of kinship networks are based on peoples tin mail away piece of work well. Indigenous itself for the Batak people is sacred. Forgetting peoples are considered extremely dangerous.

Recognition of blood ties in addition to spousal human relationship ties strengthen rope inwards everyday life. Mutual assist betwixt relatives inwards Earth merchandise in addition to inwards the middle of the champaign of modern metropolis life unremarkably seen amid the Batak people. Tightness of kinship networks that surround them that gives them tremendous resilience inwards responding to the challenges of this century.

REFERENCES:
Hidayah, Zuliyani
1997 Encyclopedia of Ethnic Groups inwards Indonesia. New York: LP3ES Koentjaraningrat
1971 Man in addition to civilization inwards Indonesia. New York: Djambatan Melalatoa, M. Junus
1997 Encyclopedia of Ethnic Groups inwards Indonesia. Jakarta: Ministry of Education in addition to culture